Tractor units

Tractor units (also known as SZM or trucks) are the towing vehicles used for semi-trailers in heavy long-distance haulage. They are fitted with a fifth wheel to couple the semi-trailer and form the backbone of European road freight transport.

Variants differ in terms of the number of axles (4x2, 6x2, 6x4, 6x6 for construction and heavy-duty use), engine power (250–750 hp) and equipment (comfort cab, long-haul equipment, sleeper cab). Special variants include low-frame tractor units for flatbed trailers and heavy-duty articulated lorries.

Common manufacturers include Mercedes-Benz Actros, MAN TGX, Scania S and R series, Volvo FH, DAF XF and XG+, Iveco S-Way and Renault T-Range.

Tractor units are used in international freight transport, in logistics and distribution (hub-to-hub), by heavy haulage companies, in construction transport (concrete semi-trailers, low-loaders), in long-distance furniture transport, and for tanker, refrigerated and silo transport.

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